Atmel AVR Microcontroller: Embedded System Design

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This textbook provides practicing scientists and engineers an advanced treatment of the Atmel AVR microcontroller. This book is intended as a follow-on to a previously published book, titled Atmel AVR Microcontroller Primer: Programming and Interfacing. Some of the content from this earlier text is retained for completeness. This book will emphasize advanced programming and interfacing skills. We focus on system level design consisting of several interacting microcontroller subsystems. The first chapter discusses the system design process. Our approach is to provide the skills to quickly get up to speed to operate the internationally popular Atmel AVR microcontroller line by developing systems level design skills. We use the Atmel ATmega164 as a representative sample of the AVR line. The knowledge you gain on this microcontroller can be easily translated to every other microcontroller in the AVR line. In succeeding chapters, we cover the main subsystems aboard the microcontroller, providing a short theory section followed by a description of the related microcontroller subsystem with accompanying software for the subsystem.

Embedded Systems Design	3

121 PROBLEM DESCRIPTION	5

124 DESIGN	7

125 IMPLEMENT PROTOTYPE	8

126 PRELIMINARY TESTING	9

14 SUMMARY	16

Atmel AVR Architecture Overview	17

212 ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION SET	18

213 C OPERATOR SIZE	19

215 ATMEGA164 ARCHITECTURE OVERVIEW	20

22 NONVOLATILE AND DATA MEMORIES	21

222 BYTEADDRESSABLE EEPROM	22

224 STATIC RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY SRAM	23

23 PORT SYSTEM	24

24 PERIPHERAL FEATURESINTERNAL SUBSYSTEMS	26

243 PULSE WIDTH MODULATION CHANNELS	27

245 ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTERADC	28

25 PHYSICAL AND OPERATING PARAMETERS	30

ATMEGA164TESTBENCH	32

272 SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION	34

28 PROGRAMMING THE ATMEGA164	38

29 INSYSTEM PROGRAMMING ISP	41

REFERENCES	43

Serial Communication Subsystem	45

311 ASCII	46

32 SERIAL USART	47

322 SYSTEM OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING	50

323 FULL DUPLEXUSARTBASED MICROCONTROLLER LINK	53

324 USARTBASED RADIO FREQUENCY MICROCONTROLLER LINK	60

327 SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACESPI	63

328 EXTENDING THE ATMELAVR FEATURES VIA THE SPI	67

33 NETWORKED MICROCONTROLLERS	69

332 CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK CAN	71

REFERENCES	72

Analogto Digital Conversion ADC	73

41 SAMPLINGQUANTIZATION AND ENCODING	74

411 RESOLUTION AND DATA RATE	76

42 ANALOGTODIGITAL CONVERSION ADC PROCESS	77

421 TRANSDUCER INTERFACEDESIGN TID CIRCUIT	78

422 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS	79

43 ADC CONVERSIONTECHNOLOGIES	82

431 SUCCESSIVEAPPROXIMATION	83

44 THE ATMELATMEGA164 ADC SYSTEM	84

441 BLOCK DIAGRAM	85

443 PROGRAMMING THE ADC	88

45 EXAMPLES	89

452 ADC RAIN GAGE INDICATOR WITH SPI	96

453 TRANSMITTING ADC VALUES VIA THE USART OR SPI	98

454 ONEBIT ADC THRESHOLD DETECTOR	102

461 OCTAL CHANNEL8BIT DAC VIATHE SPI	104

47 SUMMARY	106

REFERENCES	107

Interrupt Subsystem	109

53 PROGRAMMING AN INTERRUPT SYSTEM	110

54 APPLICATION	112

542 INTERNAL INTERRUPT	114

55 FOREGROUND AND BACKGROUND PROCESSING	117

561 REAL TIME CLOCK	118

562 INTERRUPT DRIVEN USART	121

57 SUMMARY	136

REFERENCES	137

Part II	139

Timing Subsystem	141

622 PERIOD	142

64 APPLICATIONS	145

641 INPUT CAPTUREMEASURING EXTERNALTIMING EVENT	146

642 COUNTING EVENTS	147

644 INDUSTRIAL IMPLEMENTATION CASE STUDY PWM	148

65 OVERVIEW OF THE ATMEL TIMERS	149

66 TIMER 0 SYSTEM	150

661 MODES OF OPERATION	152

662 TIMER 0 REGISTERS	153

67 TIMER 1	156

68 TIMER 2	160

69 PROGRAMMING THE TIMER SYSTEM	162

692 PULSE WIDTH MODULATION	165

693 INPUT CAPTURE MODE	167

610 SERVO MOTOR CONTROL WITH THE PWM SYSTEM	169

AUTOMATED FAN COOLING SYSTEM	174

612 SUMMARY	182

613 CHAPTER PROBLEMS	183

REFERENCES	184

Atmel AVR Operating Parameters and Interfacing	185

71 OPERATING PARAMETERS	186

72 BATTERY OPERATION	189

732 PULL UP RESISTORS IN SWITCH INTERFACE CIRCUITRY	191

734 KEYPADS	193

735 SENSORS	198

736 LM34TEMPERATURESENSOR EXAMPLE	200

74 OUTPUT DEVICES	201

743 CODE EXAMPLE	202

744 TRISTATE LED INDICATOR	205

746 LIQUID CRYSTAL CHARACTER DISPLAY LCD	208

747 GRAPHIC LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY GLCD	211

748 HIGH POWER DC DEVICES	220

76 DC MOTOR SPEED AND DIRECTION CONTROL	222

761 DC MOTOR OPERATING PARAMETERS	223

763 SERVOMOTOR INTERFACE	224

765 AC DEVICES	233

78 SUMMARY	235

REFERENCES	237

System Level Design	239

82 WEATHER STATION	240

824 UML ACTIVITY DIAGRAMS	241

83 MOTOR SPEED CONTROL	255

841 REQUIREMENTS	258

843 UML ACTIVITY DIAGRAMS	259

85 AUTONOMOUS MAZE NAVIGATING ROBOT	267

853 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM	269

855 UML ACTIVITY DIAGRAMS	270

ATmega164 Register Set	273

ATmega164 Header File	277

Authors Biography	297

Index	299

Copyright

Bibliographic information

Title	Atmel AVR: Advanced Programming and Interfacing Volume 24 of Synthesis Lectures on Digital Circuits and Systems Series
Authors	Steven Barrett, M.D., Steven F. (Steven Frank) Barrett
Publisher	Morgan & Claypool Publishers, 2009
ISBN	1608451275, 9781608451272
Length	300 pages
Subjects	Technology & Engineering › Electronics › Circuits › General Computers / Microprocessors Computers / Systems Architecture / General Technology & Engineering / Electronics / Circuits / General Technology & Engineering / Engineering (General) Technology & Engineering / General

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