A computer’s arithmetic-logic unit (ALU) is the heart of the processor, performing arithmetic and logic operations on data. If you’ve studied digital logic, you’ve probably learned how to combine simple binary adder circuits to build an ALU. However, the 8008’s ALU uses clever logic circuits that can perform multiple operations efficiently. And unlike most 1970’s […]
Reverse-engineering the ALU of 8008 microprocessor Read More »
Door or Window alarm circuit have been used widely in many homes to detect intrusion. A simple search in internet might fetch you lot of alarms for you to buy. But making your own alarm will be something special and that’s the purpose of this article. For this article i have reverse engineered a window alarm
Door/Window alarm circuit Read More »
Sometimes in the embedded system world we need to process the analog world and sending the signal to the microcontroller when the analog signal exceed some predetermine limit we’ve set. Some example of this situation is to send the interrupt signal to the microcontroller operation when the temperature is already exceeds certain limit or the
Working with the Comparator Circuit Read More »
Prometheus Prometheus makes real circuit boards in just minutes. When we’re prototyping, we need a tool that can give us nearly instant feedback – not feedback that comes in a few week’s time in the form of a PCB delivery. Let the PCB manufacturers make the hundreds or thousands of boards for your production run
Prometheus: Circuit Boards in Minutes Read More »
Summary Electrical accidents are rapidly increasing especially electric line repairs incident due to the lack of communication and coordination between the maintenance personnel and the electric substation staff. The password based circuit breaker device could just be the solution as only the lineman could reliably control the circuit breaker to avoid miscommunication. The system requires
Password Based Circuit Breaker Read More »
Summary The infrared (IR) is invisible radiant energy, electromagnetic radiation that we cannot see with our eyes, but we can sometimes feel on our skin as heat. The infrared light falls just outside the visible spectrum, beyond the edge of what we can see as red. Most of the thermal radiation emitted by objects near
Passive Infrared Detector Circuit Read More »
Summary This project automatically switches off the electrical flow in event of excess heating or excess cooling thus protecting the circuit from damage using NXP NCX2220GU. The comparator guarantees to operate at low voltages which makes this device convenient for use in 5 V systems and has a typical internal hysteresis of 9 mV that
Overheat/Overcooling Circuit Breaker Read More »
For many applications that require power-supply currents of a few amperes or less, three-terminal adjustable-output linear voltage regulators, such as National Semiconductor’s LM317, offer ease of use, low cost, and full on-chip overload protection. The addition of a few components can provide a three-terminal regulator with high-speed short-circuit current limiting for improved reliability. The
Circuit adds foldback-current protection Read More »
When working with discrete JFETs, designers may need to accommodate a large variation in device parameters for a given transistor type. A square-law equation is usually used as an approximate model for the drain-current characteristic of the JFET: ID=β(VGS−VP)2, where ID is the drain current, VGS is the gate-to-source voltage, β is the transconductance parameter,
Simple circuit lets you characterize JFETs Read More »
The latest buzz in the information technology industry regards “the Internet of things”—the idea that vehicles, appliances, civil-engineering structures, manufacturing equipment, and even livestock would have their own embedded sensors that report information directly to networked servers, aiding with maintenance and the coordination of tasks. Realizing that vision, however, will require extremely low-power sensors that
Ultralow-power circuit improves efficiency of energy harvesting to more than 80 percent Read More »
